The Four C’s that are unique to each diamond determines the quality and value of a finished diamond.
The way a diamond is cut makes an essential contribution to its interaction with light. Diamonds have an exceptional capability to reflect and manipulate light to maximize their brilliance. Diamonds that are cut incorrectly lose light through the sides or bottom of the diamond resulting in a poor, less brilliant diamond. A skilled cutting allows the light to be dispersed and reflected as a rainbow of color, which gives a diamond its incredible brightness, fire and scintillation.
Diamonds in this category have the greatest sparkle. As light enters these diamonds it is reflected internally, from one mirror-like facet to another, and dispersed evenly. This perfectly balances the brilliant white light with intense flashes of fire (dispersion), giving the diamond its shine.
Diamonds are valued by how closely they approach colourlessness – the less the color, the higher their value. A color grade of D is the highest grade possible, while Z is the lowest on the scale.
These are rarest, and therefore the most valued diamonds. Purists should aim for D, E or F colour. Metal setting choice should be carefully considered when selecting a colourless diamond as, for example, a yellow gold setting will show up through the diamond therefore negating its prized colourlessness.
Diamond weight is expressed in metric measurements called carats where one carat is equal to 200 milligrams. The word carat originates from the Greek term Keratin for fruit of carob. In the earlier times there was absence of an accurate unit for precise weight measurements of diamonds
Here weight equals money so cutters try to retain as much weight as possible when they fashion diamond rough. However, two diamonds of equal weight can have very different values depending on the other members of the Four C’s, which are cut, color and clarity
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